Imithetho ye-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo ithintela iVolkswagen ekuvaleni iplanti yemoto yombane eTennessee ehlaselwa yimanyano yabasebenzi be-Auto Auto.NgoDisemba 18, 2023, uphawu oluxhasa i-United Auto Workers lwamiswa ngaphandle kwesityalo seVolkswagen eChattanooga, eTennessee.I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo yase-US (EPA) ngoLwesithathu igqibezele imithetho emitsha yokukhupha i-tailpipe yezithuthi zaseMelika, owona mthetho mkhulu wemozulu osaza kuwiswa lulawulo lweBiden.Ngelixa imithetho ikhululekile kunesiphakamiso sokuqala sonyaka ophelileyo, ukunika iinkampani zemoto ixesha elingakumbi lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo, injongo iyonke isekukunciphisa ngesiqingatha ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside kwizithuthi ngowama-2032.Iinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi, ezifana ne-soot kunye ne-nitrogen oxides.
Nangona imithetho ngokobuchwephesha "itekhnoloji engathathi hlangothi", oku kuthetha ukuba iinkampani zeemoto zinokufikelela ekujoliswe kuko ngazo naziphi na iindlela ezizibona zifanelekile, ukuphumeza olu sukelo, iinkampani kuya kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo zithengise iimoto zombane ezininzi, nokuba ziphelele okanye ziyinxenye (umzekelo, i-hybrid). okanye iplug-in hybrid).I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo yase-US ibika ukuba izithuthi zombane ziya kubalelwa kwi-56% (okanye ngaphezulu) yokuthengiswa kwemoto entsha kwimodeli ye-2030-2032 iminyaka.
Kuya kubakho eminye imimiselo, kubandakanywa imigangatho yoqoqosho lweSebe lezoThutho kunye nemimiselo eyahlukileyo ye-EPA kwiilori ezinzima.Kodwa lo mthetho wokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kombhobho we-tailpipe uneempembelelo ezinkulu kwimozulu kunye nempilo yoluntu yabantu ababaphefumlayo kwaye babandezeleke ngenxa yoko. Kungenxa yokuba ilinge lokuqala le-UAW lokuphumeza isicwangciso sayo esikhaliphileyo sokuququzelela izityalo ezizimeleyo ezizenzekelayo eMelika. kwisityalo seVolkswagen eChattanooga, eTennessee.Iimveliso ezingundoqo zesi sixhobo zezona kuphela izithuthi zombane zeVolkswagen eziveliswa ngoku eUnited States, kwaye nangemihla ebekiweyo ebekiweyo yimithetho emitsha, kuya kuba nzima ukuvala umzi-mveliso okanye ukuhambisa imveliso yemoto yombane kwenye indawo.Oku kuthintela abachasi be-UAW kwingxoxo ephambili abasoloko beyenza ngokuchasene nomanyano: ukuba ukuba umanyano luphumelele, ishishini liya kulahlekelwa lishishini okanye linyanzeleke ukuba livale.
I-UAW yatyhala kunyaka ophelileyo ukuba icothise inqanaba lokungena, kodwa ibonakala yanelisekile yinguqulelo yokugqibela.Umanyano uthe kwingxelo ethi "ukudala imimiselo yokukhutshwa kwe-EPA enamandla" "icacisa indlela yokuba i-automakers ifezekise uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezobuchwepheshe bezithuthi zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa ... Siyagatya amabango e-alarmist isisombululo kwingxaki."ingxaki." Ingxaki yemozulu kufuneka ichaphazele imisebenzi yeemanyano. Enyanisweni, kule meko, iya kunceda ezo manyano zisebenze.
I-United Auto Workers ibhengeze kule veki ukuba ifake izicelo zokungenela unyulo lweemanyano kwiVolkswagen's Chattanooga plant, eqeshe abasebenzi beyure abangama-4,300 kwiyunithi yayo yokuxoxisana.Isityalo siya kuqalisa ukuveliswa kwe-ID.4, i-SUV ye-compact yombane yonke, ukusuka kwi-2022. Yinqwelo yombane yenkampani kwaye ibizwa ngokuba "yintloko elandelayo yeVolkswagen eMelika."
I-ID.4 isithuthi esenziwe e-US esifanelekileyo kwi-7,500 EV yesaphulelo somthengi phantsi kwemithetho yokuthenga yasekhaya yoMthetho woNcedo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso.Intsimbi, i-interior trim, i-electronic components kunye neebhetri zenziwe e-USA.Okubaluleke ngakumbi kwiVolkswagen, ikhonkco lokubonelela sele likhona.
“Akukho ndlela yokuvala lo mzi-mveliso,” utshilo uCorey Kantor, ugxa omkhulu kwiimoto zombane eBloomberg New Energy Finance.Waqaphela ukuba i-ID.4 i-akhawunti ye-11.5% yeentengiso zeVolkswagen iyonke yase-US, kwaye ukucinywa kwaloo modeli kuya kuba kubi kwishishini kuba imimiselo yokukhutshwa kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ukuba isebenze ngo-2027 ngoku iza kwenza iVolkswagen ingakwazi ukuthobela;imithetho.Nditsho noJohn Bozzella, umongameli we-Automotive Innovation Alliance, iqela eliphambili lezorhwebo kwishishini, wathi ekuphenduleni umgaqo omtsha we-EPA ukuba "ikamva ngumbane."Ukuphumelela eMzantsi kuya kuhambelana namanye amashishini i-UAW ezama ukuwaququzelela.Ukuhambisa imveliso ye-ID.4 kwenye indawo kuya kuba nzima ngokulinganayo.Indawo yaseChattanooga inesixhobo sokuhlanganisa ibhetri kunye nelebhu yophuhliso lwebhetri.Inkampani yabhengeza iChattanooga njengendawo ye-EV ngo-2019 kwaye ayizange iqalise ukuvelisa ii-EVs apho de kwaba yiminyaka emithathu kamva.Ngemigaqo ye-tailpipe kwiminyaka embalwa kuphela kude, iVolkswagen ayinaxesha lokulungisa ikhonkco layo lokubonelela ngaphandle kwephulo lomanyano oluyimpumelelo.
Kwinyanga ephelileyo, i-Outlook yabhala malunga nephulo le-UAW yeVolkswagen, iphawula ukuba kwiinzame zangaphambili kwisityalo esisusela kwi-2014, amagosa ezopolitiko aseburhulumenteni, amaqela angaphandle kunye namagosa ezityalo ezichasene nomanyano acebise ukuvala isityalo.uthethathethwano oluhlangeneyo.Abaphathi babelane ngamanqaku malunga nokuvalwa kweVolkswagen ngo-1988 eWestmoreland County, ePennsylvania, eyayityholwa ngomsebenzi we-UAW.(Intengiso ephantsi ngokwenene yakhokelela ekuvalweni kwesityalo. Ngeli xesha, abaququzeleli bakulungele ukuphikisa eli bango, bechaza ukuba iVolkswagen izinikele ekwandiseni imveliso kwisityalo. Ngoku banenye ingxabano: Imithetho emitsha ye-EPA yenza ukuvala isityalo phantse akunakwenzeka. “Abenzi lonke olu qeqesho ukuze bathathe nje bahambe,” uYolanda Peoples, osebenza kumgca wokudityaniswa kwenjini, uxelele iThe Outlook kwinyanga ephelileyo.
Ewe, amaqela alondolozayo anokuthi acele umngeni kumgaqo we-EPA, kwaye ukuba amaRiphabhlikhi athatha amandla kunyaka ozayo, angazama ukuwurhoxisa.Kodwa imimiselo eqinisayo yaseCalifornia malunga nokukhutshwa kombhobho womsila kuya kwenza ukuba iinzame zokonakaliswa zibe nzima ngakumbi, njengoko ilizwe likhulu lelizwe linokugqithisa imithetho ebeka imigangatho yalo kwaye amanye amazwe amaninzi angalandela.Ishishini leemoto, ngomnqweno walo wokuqiniseka kunye nokufana, lihlala libambelela kule migaqo.Nangona oko akunjalo, kuya kubakho unyulo e-Chattanooga ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba ilungelo lithathe nayiphi na into kwimimiselo ye-EPA.Ngaphandle kwesixhobo sabo esiphambili sokugrogrisa abasebenzi, abachasi beemanyano kuya kufuneka bakhusele amalungelo abo ngokuvota ngokuchasene nabasebenzi abohlukeneyo ngakumbi kunangaphambili.Iziphumo zeevoti ezimbini zangaphambili kwiifektri zakwaVW bezisondele kakhulu;isiqinisekiso virtual ukuba isityalo uya kuqhubeka ukuphumelela kungakhathaliseki isimo iyuniyoni yayanele ukuyiqhubela phambili.Oku kubalulekile kubasebenzi Volkswagen, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba nezinye iinkampani kushishino.Ukuphumelela eMzantsi kuya kuhambelana namanye amashishini i-UAW ezama ukuwaququzelela.Ezi ziquka umzi-mveliso wakwaMercedes eVance, e-Alabama, apho isiqingatha sabasebenzi sityikitye amakhadi emanyano, kunye nezityalo zeHyundai, Alabama kunye neToyota eMissouri, apho abasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-30% batyikitye amakhadi emanyano).Umanyano uthembise ngezigidi ezingama-40 zeerandi kule minyaka mibini izayo ukuququzelela ezi kunye nezinye izixhobo zemoto kunye nebhetri, uninzi lwazo eMzantsi.Ngokunxulumene nenani labasebenzi ekujoliswe kubo, yayiyeyona mali inkulu yenkxaso-mali yombutho oququzelela umkhankaso kwimbali yase-US.
I-Hyundai ibheja kwisicwangciso sayo sesithuthi sombane.Iimoto zombane zenkampani ngoku zenziwe eMzantsi Korea, kwaye iplanti yokuvelisa imoto yombane iyakhiwa eGeorgia.Zonke ezi nkampani kufuneka zihambise imveliso yazo ye-EV apha ukuba zifuna ukuthobela kwaye zingene ezindleleni zase-United States.Ukuba iVolkswagen inkqenkqeza phambili ekudibaniseni iifektri zayo zezithuthi zombane, oko kuya kunceda ezinye iinkampani zilandele.Imikhosi echasene nomanyano iyazi ukuba unyulo lweVolkswagen lubalulekile ukuba ishishini lemoto lingavusa amaza omanyano."Ekhohlo ufuna Tennessee kakubi kakhulu kuba ukuba basifumana, i-mpuma uya kuwa kwaye kuya kuba umdlalo phezu kwiriphabliki," Tennessee Rep. Scott Sepicki (R) wathi kwintlanganiso yabucala kunyaka ophelileyo.Ayiloshishini lezithuthi kuphela elingabona impumelelo kumanyano.Inkalipho iyosulela.Inokuphazamisa ulawulo lwezinye iindawo zokusebenzela eMzantsi, kunye neenzame zeemanyano zamashishini ezifana neAmazon Teamsters.Oku kungabonisa yonke inyunyana eMelika ukuba ukutyalomali kumbutho kunokuvelisa iziphumo.Njengoko ugxa wam uHarold Meyerson ephawulile, iinzame ze-UAW zicela umngeni kwimeko yabasebenzi ethoba imibutho ngokukhusela amalungu asenawo.Imithetho yezabasebenzi yase-US iseyimiqobo ekuququzeleleni, kodwa i-UAW inezinto ezininzi ezisebenzela yona, kwaye nemigaqo ye-EPA yongeza enye.Oku kunokunceda ukudala isiphumo sebhola ekhephu kubasebenzi kwihlabathi liphela.
Ezothutho zikhupha iigesi ezininzi zegreenhouse emoyeni kunalo naliphi na elinye icandelo.Imimiselo ye-EPA yindlela ephambili yokujongana nale ngxaki.Kodwa inkuthazo yakhe yokudala imisebenzi elungileyo, ehlawulwa yimanyano inganceda ukuqinisa imanyano yeNguqu yeMandla.Ngokulinganayo, oku kunokuba lilifa elibalulekileyo kulo mzamo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-04-2024